托福寫作,如何擺脫詞匯的桎梏?
在托福寫作中,由于準備不足,很多同學們在作文中經(jīng)常會慣性的實用一些比較常見的詞匯,這往往會導致我們的文章不夠出彩,影響到我們的托福寫作成績的評分。因此,A加未來小編建議大家嘗試更加靈活地運用好詞匯的表達,提升文章詞匯的多樣性,這樣才能夠增加文章的吸引力。下面A加未來小編就針對托福寫作詞匯多樣性為大家提供一些指導建議,希望對大家有所幫助。
詞匯多樣性:
詞匯貧乏之中國學生英語作文的通病。整篇作文一個詞用到底,從不作任何變化:一遇到“改變/變化”就是change,“影響”就是effect,“流行”就是popular,“認為”就是think;每逢“因為”就是because,“意識到”就是realize,“想到”就是think of,等等。其實英語詞匯很豐富的,同一個意思可以由很多不同的方式表達,如:
改變:change,modify,alter,shift,fashion,transform,convert
變化:change,vary,convert,fluctuate,oscillate
保護:protect,conserve,safeguard
保存:save,preserve,conserve,keep,store
影響:effect,influence,impact,infection
流行:popular,prevalent, prevailing,current,common,universal
認為:think,believe,hold,argue,maintain,deem,opine,reckon,figure
意識到:realize,be aware of/that,be awake to,understand,it/sth. dawns on sb.
想到:think of,come up with,occur to/strike sb.,come to,remind,suggest
看作:regard …as…,look on/consider/view/see/take…as…
應該:should,ought to,it is/would be better,it is advisable to
因為:because,since,as,for,because of,owing to,thanks to,due to,as a result of,in virtue of,on account of,with,from,at,of
關于:about,on,with regard to,as regards,concerning,relating to
因此:so,therefore,thus,accordingly,consequently,hence,thereby
然而:however,nevertheless,nonetheless,whereas,though,still,yet
另外:moreover,in addition,besides,furthermore,one more thing
不同:different,difference,differ,vary from…to…,conflicting,diverse,diversified,various,a variety of
吸引人的:attractive,appealing,taking,inviting,tempting,fascinating,charming,alluring, glamorous, absorbing, enticing
閃光的英語托福作文包含四個要素:
1 完整性:句子結構完整,意義完整;
2 連貫性:句子各部分之間以及句子之間的關系緊密、協(xié)調(diào),前后意思連貫,思想表達清楚有序;
3 簡潔性:言簡意賅;
4 多樣性:包括詞匯多樣性和句子多樣性。
以上四要素中,前三個要素是前提和基礎,比較容易做到;多樣性是對前三個要素的升華,是作文閃光點的核心和關鍵所在。
句子多樣性
單調(diào)的句式和結構、長度相近的句子使作文呆板單調(diào),缺乏生動性和說服力;而靈活多變的句子樣式和結構則使作文語言生動,自然流暢,豐富多彩。具體包括以下幾個方面:
長短句變換:簡單句、并列句和復合句交替運用
長句準確生動,長于說明推理;短句簡潔明快,意義明確,印象深刻,描述動作,表明主旨,總結歸納,非短句不可。既然各有所長,在寫作時應根據(jù)實際需要,交替使用簡單句、并列句和復合句,以達到“段間長短不一,全篇句式萬千”、豐富多樣的效果,給讀者以及閱卷老師以永恒的新鮮感。
結構多樣化:我們學過非謂語動詞結構(包括不定式結構和分詞結構),無動詞結構,分隔結構,比較結構,獨立結構,with復合結構,特殊否定結構,it結構,平行結構,強調(diào)結構,倒裝結構,等等。其中為神通廣大的是非謂語動詞結構,在句中或作主語、賓語,或作表語、賓語補足語,或作定語修飾名詞,或作狀語表示條件、原因、讓步、時間、方式、目的、結果、伴隨狀況等,不一而足。
非謂語動詞結構可以簡化大部分英語從句,產(chǎn)生語言簡練,結構豐富多樣的效果,請看下列轉(zhuǎn)化實例:
名詞從句可轉(zhuǎn)化為非謂語動詞結構
1. That John won the marathon surprised us.
John’s winning the Marathon surprised us.
2. I have not decided whether I should vote for Clint.
I have not decided whether to vote for Clint.
定語從句可轉(zhuǎn)化為非謂語動詞結構
1. The man (who is) standing at the gate is my English teacher.
2. The car (that was) repaired yesterday by him is my mother’s.
3. The next train that arrives is from New York.
狀語從句可轉(zhuǎn)化為非謂語動詞結構
1. After he had watered the garden, he began to mow the lawn.
Having watered the garden, he began to mow the lawn.
2. When they are heated metals expand.
(When) Heated, metals expand.
3. Because I do not know what to do next, I want to ask for your advice.
Not knowing what to do next, I want to ask for your advice.
4. I spoke slowly and clearly in order that the audience could understand me.
…in order for the audience to understand me.
5. If we are united, we stand; if we are divided, we fail.
United, we stand; divided, we fail.Toefl
6. Though he has lived in Canada for tree years, he still cannot speak English well.
Having lived in Canada for three years, he still cannot speak English well.
以上就是A加小編關于托福寫作詞匯多樣性的表達指導,希望能夠幫助大家更好的進行托福作文的準備,并實現(xiàn)成績的提升。更多托??荚囕o導問題,歡迎隨時咨詢我們!

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