ALevel心理學學什么，都包括哪些內(nèi)容？

 

　　隨著社會對于心理學人才的需求劇增，很多同學們在ALevel學習階段也開始將ALevel心理學作為自己課程選擇中的首選，并希望通過ALevel心理學的學習為將來大學專業(yè)學習做好準備。不過對于大多數(shù)人老師心理學依然是一個比較陌生、而且充滿著神秘色彩的一門學科。那么ALevel心理學學什么呢？它都會包括哪些內(nèi)容？今天A加未來小編就帶大家來了解這一個奇妙卻有趣的學科。

　　ALevel心理學學什么？

　　心理學教學大綱：Cambridge International AS and A Level Psychology learners develop their appreciation of the subject by exploring the ways in which psychology is conducted.As part of their studies,learners also review important research;this provides an insight into the ways in which psychology has been applied,thereby leading to a better understanding of key themes and issues.The syllabus reflects five core areas of psychology,namely cognitive,social,physiological,developmental and the psychology of individual differences;it also relates psychology to education,health,organizations,the environment and abnormality.

　　教學大綱體現(xiàn)了心理學涉及的五個核心領(lǐng)域，即認知、社會、生理、發(fā)育和個體差異；它還涉及心理健康教育,組織，環(huán)境和異常心理學。

　　A-level心理學的幾大分支

　　Cognitive psychology認知心理學Cognitive psychology in psychology is a relatively modern approach to human behavior that focuses on how we think,with the belief that such thought processes affect the way in which we behave.It is concerned with understanding mental processes such as memory,perception,thinking,and problem solving,and how they may be related to behavior.

　　這種方法把人腦視作為類似于電腦的加工系統(tǒng)，重點看大腦如何處理信息，加工信息，儲存信息，思考，解決問題等進行一系列的腦力活動，以及這個過程如何影響我們的行為。想一想你為何記得每天帶飯卡、出門帶鑰匙？你為何知道一道非常難的代數(shù)題的解法？你又為什么現(xiàn)在還記得很多小時候發(fā)生的事情？你的大腦功不可沒！

　　Social psychology社會心理學

　　Social psychology is interested in studying individuals in a social context,such as family,friends,institutions,and wider society.Social behavior may involve activity within a group or between groups.

　　社會心理學是研究個體和群體的社會心理現(xiàn)象的心理學分支。個體社會心理現(xiàn)象指受他人和群體制約的個人的思想、感情和行為。

　　Development psychology發(fā)展心理學

　　This branch of psychology looks at development throughout the lifespan,from childhood to adulthood.The scientific study of human development seeks to understand and explain how and why people change throughout life.This includes all aspects of human growth,including physical,emotional,intellectual,social,perceptual and personality development.

　　這一分支的心理學著眼于整個生命周期的發(fā)展，從童年到成年。這是一項對于人類發(fā)展的科學研究，旨在了解和解釋人們?nèi)绾魏蜑槭裁锤淖?，在整個生命的進程中。這包括人類成長的各個方面，包括身體、情感、智力、社會、感性和個性的發(fā)展。

　　Physiological psychology生理心理學

　　Physiological psychology is concerned with the biological basis of behavior.It is also known as biological psychology,biopsychology,or psychobiology,and is closely related to neuroscience.Physiological psychologists study the electrical and chemical functions and activities of the brain,and how they relate to a person’s mental experience and behavior.This branch of psychology is an approach to psychological research,which is used to study many different psychological phenomena.

　　生理心理學關(guān)注行為的生物學基礎(chǔ)。它也被稱為生物心理學、生物心理學、心理生物學和神經(jīng)科學。心理學家在這一領(lǐng)域研究電子和化學功能與大腦的活動，以及它們?nèi)绾闻c一個人的心理體驗和行為相關(guān)。心理學的這一分支是通過生理研究為重心的方法，研究許多不同的心理現(xiàn)象。

　　Abnormal psychology反常心理學/變態(tài)心理學

　　Abnormal psychology is the area that looks at psychopathology and abnormal behavior.The term covers a broad range of disorders,from depression to obsession-compulsion to sexual deviation and many more.Counselors,clinical psychologists and psychotherapists often work directly in this field.

　　反常心理學這個領(lǐng)域，關(guān)注于心理和行為異常。這個術(shù)語涵蓋了廣泛的疾病、失調(diào)紊亂，包括抑郁癥、神經(jīng)失調(diào)、性歪曲等等等等等。輔導員、臨床心理學家、心理治療師常常工作在這一領(lǐng)域。

　　Education psychology教育心理學

　　Educational psychology is the branch of psychology concerned with schools,teaching psychology,educational issues and student concerns.Educational psychologists often study how students learn or work directly with students,parents,teachers and administrators to improve student outcomes.

　　教育心理學是學校、教學心理學、教育問題和學生關(guān)注的心理學的分支。教育心理學家經(jīng)常研究學生如何學習。通過直接與學生、家長、教師和管理人員的工作與交流，改善成果。

　　Behavioral Psychology行為心理學

　　Behavioral psychology,also known as behaviorism,is a theory of learning based upon the idea that all behaviors are acquired through conditioning.While this branch of psychology dominated the field during the first part of the twentieth century,it became less prominent during the 1950s.However,behavioral techniques remain a mainstay in therapy,education and many other areas.

　　行為心理學，也被稱為行為主義，是基于“所有的行為都是通過條件作用學習”的理論。雖然它在20世紀50年代變得不那么突出，但是行為心理學仍然是治療，教育和許多其他領(lǐng)域的支柱。

　　Health psychology健康心理學

　　Health psychology is a specialty area that focuses on how biology,psychology,behavior and social factors influence health and illness.Other terms including medical psychology and behavioral medicine are sometimes used interchangeably with the term health psychology.The field of health psychology is focused on promoting health as well as the prevention and treatment of disease and illness.

　　健康心理學是一個專業(yè)領(lǐng)域，重點研究生物學、心理學、行為和社會因素對健康和疾病的影響。其他方面包括醫(yī)學心理學和行為醫(yī)學,有時與健康心理學術(shù)語交替使用。健康心理學領(lǐng)域的重點是促進健康，以及預防和治療疾病。

　　Alevel心理學需要大量的閱讀相關(guān)書籍，只是看課本是遠遠不夠的，擴展書單:

　　1.Understanding Psychology by R.S Feldman.

　　2.Psychology by Baron.

　　3.Introduction to Psychology by Morgan&King.

　　4.Psychology by Ciccarelli(It is easily available online)

　　以上就是A加未來小編關(guān)于ALevel心理學學什么的相關(guān)介紹，英國的心理學專業(yè)偏向理科，同學們在開展ALevel課程學習時建議著重關(guān)注自己的數(shù)學、化學和生物學科的學習，這對我們將來大學專業(yè)申請很有幫助喲！