按雅思口語(yǔ)題目類(lèi)型備考雅思口語(yǔ)

 

雅思口語(yǔ)題目類(lèi)型大致可以分為人物類(lèi)、地點(diǎn)類(lèi)、事件類(lèi)及物品類(lèi)話題。不同話題的備考思路和重點(diǎn)不同，按照雅思口語(yǔ)題目類(lèi)型備考更適合在雅思備考初期的考生，同類(lèi)別的雅思口語(yǔ)話題備考思路相同，考生們可以熟練掌握。

 

雅思口語(yǔ)題目類(lèi)型：物品類(lèi)

雅思關(guān)于物品類(lèi)話題有一個(gè)明顯的特征就是題目繁多，其中分為兩大類(lèi)：實(shí)體類(lèi)話題和媒體類(lèi)話題，其中實(shí)體類(lèi)話題包括：

A statue or work of art

An antique or old thing in your family

A piece of clothes you wore in formal / special occasions

A product that is made in China (a car, handicraft or food)

媒體類(lèi)話題包括了：

TV program / film that made you laugh

An advertisement which makes you want to buy something

A useful website you like to visit

Describe a movie / film you dislike

物品類(lèi)話題的弊端就是同類(lèi)話題很難總結(jié)一起，不太具有歸類(lèi)的特點(diǎn)。這點(diǎn)不像人物類(lèi)，或者地點(diǎn)類(lèi)。我們同學(xué)大致準(zhǔn)備幾個(gè)話題就能套用。所以一般大家認(rèn)為物品類(lèi)話題通常需要各個(gè)擊破。但是，事實(shí)也許并非如此!也許我們可以把不可能變成可能，通過(guò)話題劇情編排合并，以及成功的邏輯手法，可以把物品類(lèi)話題互相合并、抵消;不僅如此，還要把它同雅思口語(yǔ)第一部分話題、人物類(lèi)話題、地點(diǎn)類(lèi)話題以及事件類(lèi)話題全部合并到一起。真正做到雅思口語(yǔ)大串聯(lián)，原來(lái)雅思口語(yǔ)可以這么玩!
 

 

基本描繪邏輯：

我們將引入兩種最常用的議論手法：歸納法和演繹法來(lái)分析物品類(lèi)話題。1.歸納法：指的是從許多個(gè)別事例中獲得一個(gè)較具概括性的規(guī)則。這種方法主要是從收集到的既有資料，加以抽絲剝繭地分析，最后得以做出一個(gè)概括性的結(jié)論。2.演繹法：是從既有的普遍性結(jié)論或一般性事理，推導(dǎo)出個(gè)別性結(jié)論的一種方法。由較大范圍，逐步縮小到所需的特定范圍。

另外我們今天需要把話題分為兩類(lèi)：橫向合并和縱向合并。橫向合并指：將各類(lèi)物品類(lèi)話題中劇情描繪的共同特征，互相串用?？v向合并指代：將雅思口語(yǔ)第一部分中的同類(lèi)話題、人物類(lèi)話題、地點(diǎn)類(lèi)話題和事件類(lèi)話題，按照它們的劇情共性，并入物品類(lèi)相應(yīng)話題中。好了，讓我們一起來(lái)見(jiàn)證奇跡!

歸納法話題舉例

我們先找一道物品類(lèi)話題中的題目，比如“An advertisement which makes you want to buy something”。廣告題一直以來(lái)都是重點(diǎn)考題，已經(jīng)連續(xù)不間斷考了多年，可是大家準(zhǔn)備過(guò)程中仍然覺(jué)得很頭疼，準(zhǔn)備什么呢!怎么準(zhǔn)備呢!怎么拿高分!首先我們需要先explain題目中keyword:advertisement。

“A notice, such as a poster, newspaper display, or paid announcement in the electronic media, designed to attract public attention or patronage.”(美國(guó)現(xiàn)代詞典)

從概念得知，廣告不只是商人們?cè)陔娨暽贤其N(xiāo)自己產(chǎn)品的媒體宣傳- 消費(fèi)者廣告 .現(xiàn)代廣告種類(lèi)繁多，廣告分類(lèi)的方法也很多。以廣告主是否為營(yíng)利組織為廣告分類(lèi)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，廣告一般可分為商業(yè)廣告(Commercial Advertising)和非商業(yè)廣告( uncommercial Advertising)。其中，非商業(yè)廣告通常是宗教組織、慈善組織、政府部門(mén)、社會(huì)團(tuán)體等非營(yíng)利性組織的廣告。所以很少同學(xué)想到說(shuō)后者。

另外，以廣告發(fā)布的媒介為廣告分類(lèi)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，廣告可以分為電視廣告(Television Advertising )、報(bào)紙廣告(Newspaper Advertising)、雜志廣告(Magazine Advertising )、戶(hù)外廣告(Outside Advertising )、電影廣告(Cinema Advertising )、網(wǎng)絡(luò)廣告 (Internet Advertising )等等。其中諸如網(wǎng)絡(luò)廣告-banner(包括：網(wǎng)幅廣告, 旗幟廣告, 橫幅廣告)是非常新穎的，在準(zhǔn)備中，除描寫(xiě)廣告內(nèi)容本身，更可以重點(diǎn)分析這種廣告，對(duì)社會(huì)，對(duì)特定受眾帶來(lái)什么影響等。

好了，剛才的我們brainstorm了廣告這個(gè)keyword后，現(xiàn)在我們可以進(jìn)行串聯(lián)了。我挑了物品類(lèi)話題中的另一題來(lái)串聯(lián)：“A piece of clothes you wore in formal / special occasions”。從上表中我們看出，我們把衣服類(lèi)話題和廣告類(lèi)話題按照兩種共同的特性，可以分為客觀因素(objective factors)和主觀因素(subjective factors)。再一次進(jìn)行brainstorming, 可以發(fā)現(xiàn)，購(gòu)買(mǎi)衣服的原因同樣適合放在一則有影響力的廣告描繪中。我為大家列出了客觀因素共性一行，以下是類(lèi)似英語(yǔ)表達(dá)：

The designer mix both traditions and modern trends to suit women's expectations.

T-shirts are typically made of cotton or polyester fibers, knitted together in a jersey stitch that gives a T-shirt its distinctive soft texture.

They are now a very popular form of casual dress around the world.

The short black dress accentuated her slimness.

好了，我們?cè)偻碛懻撝饔^因素，主觀因素描寫(xiě)既可以寫(xiě)成理由排列，也可以寫(xiě)成劇情，從表格中所見(jiàn)，我羅列了各種理由，下面我們開(kāi)始鋪劇情：

My mother bought it for me as a birthday gift. I was very busy with my studies last winter and I forgot that my birthday was coming....(clothes)

In the advertisement, Miss Zhang bought this chic dress to her mother as a birthday present. Her mother was too busy to remember her own birthday....(advertisement plot)

我們發(fā)現(xiàn)，劇情稍作改編，兩個(gè)話題就可以通用了。好了，同學(xué)們一起仿照我表格里的方法，把其他實(shí)物類(lèi)話題如：Photograph，Gift，Something expensive you bought和advertisement歸納到一起吧!

如果advertisement話題可以同實(shí)體類(lèi)物品話題組合，那它是不是也可以和其他同類(lèi)媒體話題組合呢?這一次，我挑選了“A movie you would like towatch (about a real person or event)”。本文一開(kāi)始對(duì)廣告的explain中，我已經(jīng)解釋了有一種廣告叫做：電影宣傳片或電影宣傳廣告。確定了這個(gè)概念后，我們一起在如下這張表中brainstorm吧：

歸納法	電影類(lèi)話題	電影宣傳廣告話題
客觀因素共性	情節(jié)、演員、特效/畫(huà)面、風(fēng)格、音樂(lè)	情節(jié)、演員、特效/畫(huà)面、風(fēng)格、音樂(lè)
主觀因素共性	觸動(dòng)心靈，勵(lì)志（當(dāng)幸福來(lái)敲門(mén)）	觀后印象：觸動(dòng)心靈，勵(lì)志（當(dāng)幸福來(lái)敲門(mén)）
其他媒體類(lèi)：	電視連續(xù)劇話題	公益類(lèi)廣告、親情類(lèi)廣告、勵(lì)志類(lèi)廣告
	網(wǎng)站話題	網(wǎng)幅廣告, 旗幟廣告, 橫幅廣告

All right, 從表格看到，根據(jù)客觀和主觀因素的分類(lèi)，我們又一次找出了它們的共性。接著，我們選一部電影：Will Smith和他兒子主演的“當(dāng)幸福來(lái)敲門(mén)”,先用英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)出電影的開(kāi)場(chǎng)描繪(客觀描繪部分)：

As far as this topic is concerned, I guess, I would like to describe“Pursuit of happiness”; I watched it a few years ago with a couple of friends in the cinema. As it is acted by the famous academy award winner actor and singer in Hollywood“Will Smith”....

好了，從下面我們開(kāi)始改編電影宣傳廣告開(kāi)場(chǎng)描繪(客觀描繪部分)：

In terms of this topic, I suppose, I would like to describe the Cinema Advertising of the movie “Pursuit of happiness”; I watched it a few years ago at home. As it is acted by the famous academy award winner actor and singer in Hollywood “Will Smith”....

是不是一石二鳥(niǎo)!接著，我們看看兩個(gè)題目主觀因素的描述部分(對(duì)我的影響力):

I still remember a classic line (經(jīng)典句型)，Chris Gardner told his son;“People can’t do something by themselves; they wanna (want to 的連音) tell you that you can’t do it, don’t ever let somebody tell you that you can’t do something, not even me.” I guess this was the sentence that gave me courage. And , now here I am, taking the IELTS test, planning to go abroad and receive higher education.(電影對(duì)我的影響力)

立刻改編成廣告類(lèi)話題：

A classic line (經(jīng)典句型) at the end of the advertisement bumps into my ears，Chris Gardner told his son;“People can’t do something by themselves; they wanna (want to 的連音) tell you that you can’t do it, don’tever let somebody tell you that you can’t do something, not even me.”

I remembered that this was a sentence that aroused my interests to watch the movie later on. And , its parks me to study harder! now here I am, taking the IELTS test, planning to go abroad and receive higher education.(看了宣傳廣告后對(duì)我的影響)

此外，想拿高分的同學(xué)還可以補(bǔ)充更多內(nèi)容，從電影宣傳廣告的好處brainstorm, 比如:

It is an efficient way for movie buffs to quickly scan all the movies and sort out those they want to watch.(從電影迷入手)

It is very convenient to publicize on all sorts of media no matter through the Internet，the poster or on TV (從電影商入手)
 

 

雅思口語(yǔ)題目類(lèi)型：人物類(lèi)

人物類(lèi)話題很常見(jiàn)，一般人物類(lèi)話題有這些問(wèn)法：

常見(jiàn)問(wèn)題一：你要描述的人是誰(shuí)?

Who this friend is?/Who he or she is?/Who this person is?/Who the character was?/Who these two people are?

這個(gè)問(wèn)題是幾乎所有人物類(lèi)話題的第一問(wèn)，屬于必答題。回答這一問(wèn)題的時(shí)候，我們不但需要告訴考官這個(gè)人是誰(shuí)(這是最基本的)，而且要對(duì)所描述的他/她進(jìn)行一些修飾，要讓考官在沒(méi)有見(jiàn)過(guò)這個(gè)人的情況下能夠閉上眼仿佛看到這個(gè)人就正站在身旁一樣。

評(píng)書(shū)中所說(shuō)的“此人眉分八彩，目若朗星，準(zhǔn)頭端正，齒白唇紅”起的就是這一作用。比如我們來(lái)一起看看下面這段對(duì)人的描述：

He is well over six feet tall，has this long straggly brown hair. He has a perpetual look of bemusement on his face，full-sleeve tattoos on both arms，and always wears some variation of a sleeveless leather vest，holey blue jeans tucked into his beat-up cowboy boots，and a cigarette between his lips at all times.

他身高六尺有余，頭上散著棕色的頭發(fā)。他的眼神既憂郁又總帶有困惑。雙臂從上到下布滿(mǎn)了紋身。他總是身著各種無(wú)袖皮坎肩，把滿(mǎn)是破洞的藍(lán)色牛仔褲褲腿扎進(jìn)那幾雙破舊的牛仔靴里，而且嘴里無(wú)時(shí)無(wú)刻的不叼著根煙。

如果我們作答的時(shí)候可以說(shuō)出以上的描述，考官想不給你高分都不可能。因?yàn)樵谒麄兡X海中可以清晰的浮現(xiàn)出這個(gè)人的形象，他好像正在向考官們走來(lái)，嘴里吐著煙圈，馬上要說(shuō)“How are you doing， man?”了。所以，如果我們想讓自己的作答能夠使考官眼前一亮、記憶深刻，我們就要抓住細(xì)節(jié)來(lái)充分描述，比如說(shuō)這個(gè)人身上比較有特點(diǎn)的地方：發(fā)型、體態(tài)、眼神、穿著等等。這些細(xì)節(jié)的描述遠(yuǎn)比那種范范的諸如“He‘s quite tall and strong with long hair on his head.”要生動(dòng)的多，所得的分?jǐn)?shù)自然也就相距甚遠(yuǎn)了。

常見(jiàn)問(wèn)題二：你是怎么遇到這個(gè)人的?

How you first met this person?/How you know this person?/How you know him/her?/How you know about this person?

如果各位考生對(duì)人物類(lèi)的機(jī)經(jīng)很熟悉的話，就不難發(fā)現(xiàn)這是另外一道在該類(lèi)話題中出現(xiàn)的高頻題?；卮鹪擃}時(shí)，要讓考官有一種是 “當(dāng)事人”感覺(jué)。所以我們要把當(dāng)時(shí)第一次見(jiàn)到所描述對(duì)象的場(chǎng)景詳細(xì)的講述給考官，細(xì)節(jié)的描述不但可以增加故事的真實(shí)性，而且還能讓考官感覺(jué)到我們對(duì)所描述對(duì)象的重視。比如：

I first met him on the basketball court in a hot and sunny afternoon when I was sitting somewhere around the stand. He came up with me to check whether I would like to join his team. He then left me a deep impression by his firm look and tough temperament.

我第一遇到他是一個(gè)大晴天的下午，當(dāng)時(shí)我正坐在籃球架子旁。他過(guò)來(lái)問(wèn)我想不想加入他們隊(duì)來(lái)一起玩。他有著堅(jiān)定的面容和堅(jiān)強(qiáng)氣質(zhì)，這都給我留下了深刻的印象。

聽(tīng)完以上的描述，考官會(huì)變成注視著這一切發(fā)生的人，他沒(méi)有忽略任何細(xì)節(jié)。但如果我們把作答變成：I met him in my school and he gave me a very deep impression.那么考官會(huì)聽(tīng)了以后感覺(jué)會(huì)很模糊，或者感覺(jué)千篇一律，那么想得好成績(jī)也就不可能了。

常見(jiàn)問(wèn)題三：你對(duì)這個(gè)人的感覺(jué)是什么?

How you feel about him/her?

對(duì)機(jī)經(jīng)比較熟悉的考生會(huì)知道這種問(wèn)題出現(xiàn)在人物類(lèi)話題卡的最后一問(wèn)，也就是說(shuō)，它是我們作答的重點(diǎn)和所占得分比很大的一道問(wèn)題，所以毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)我們要在這一題的回答中盡可能的多說(shuō)一些話。對(duì)這個(gè)人的感覺(jué)，我們可以從一個(gè)人的興趣愛(ài)好、特長(zhǎng)、才能、品行以及一切特征來(lái)進(jìn)行細(xì)節(jié)的描述。比如：

Writing creativity is his best quality. He doesn’t try to exert his will in the music creative arena-he leaves that to me-he just does what he does best： thinking and writing lyrics; that is his forte. Because of this advantage， he becomes the source to represent us and all the words he makes can act as inspiration to every listener.

And another interesting thing is that he is born a painter，and like painters historically do，he usually skips the class but to find himself somewhere around the shopping malls，sitting there for the whole afternoon to have a satisfying picture.

考官在聽(tīng)完這種描述后，即使不認(rèn)識(shí)描述對(duì)象，也會(huì)對(duì)他藝術(shù)方面的才華稱(chēng)贊不已。相比之下，“I think he is a man who likes writing and he can write a lot of words. Moreover， he likes painting and he usually goes to shopping malls to paint.”這種描述會(huì)讓考官覺(jué)得所描述對(duì)象的才華一般，沒(méi)有什么突出的，這只讓考官知道了所描述對(duì)象的兩個(gè)愛(ài)好而已。